Due to its special structure, graphite has the following special properties:

(1) High temperature resistance

The melting point of graphite is 3850 ± 50 ℃. Even after being ignited by an ultra-high temperature electric arc, the weight loss and coefficient of thermal expansion are very small. The strength of graphite increases with temperature, and at 2000 ℃, the strength of graphite doubles.

(2) Conductivity and thermal conductivity

The conductivity of graphite is 100 times higher than that of ordinary non-metallic minerals. Thermal conductivity exceeds that of metal materials such as steel, iron, and lead. The thermal conductivity decreases with increasing temperature, and even at extremely high temperatures, graphite becomes an insulator. "Graphite can conduct electricity because each carbon atom in graphite forms only three covalent bonds with other carbon atoms, and each carbon atom still retains one free electron to transfer electric charges.".

(3) Lubricity

The lubricating performance of graphite depends on the size of graphite flakes. The larger the flakes, the smaller the friction coefficient, and the better the lubricating performance.

(4) Chemical stability

Graphite has good chemical stability at room temperature, and is resistant to acid, alkali, and organic solvent corrosion.

(5) Plasticity

Graphite has good toughness and can be ground into very thin sheets.

(6) Thermal shock resistance

Graphite can withstand severe changes in temperature without damage when used at room temperature. When temperature changes abruptly, the volume of graphite does not change much and cracks do not occur.